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Data Visualization

Which question is your visualization answering?

Do you want to compare different categories/groups?

  • Try using a bar chart.
    • Bar charts require at least one categorical variable and one quantitative variable.

Bar chart of estimated share of tap water samples in the United States contaminated by at least one type of PFAS as of 2021​​​​​​​

Do you want to illustrate trends, increases or decreases in a value over time?

  • Try using a line chart.
    • Line charts require one continuous variable for the x-axis (usually a date/time variable), and one quantitative variable for the y-axis.

A line chart showing net greenhouse gas emissions in the United States from 1990 to 2022.

Do you want to see the relationship/correlation between variables?

  • Try using a scatterplot.

A scatterplot for National wealth and CO2 emissions.

Do you want to see the frequency of values within a variable?

  • Try using a histogram.

A histogram showing the distribution of broadband access.

Do you want to compare the different parts of a whole?

  • Try using a pie chart.

A pie chart showing broadband access by county categorization.